Thursday, December 01, 2005
Save Gas: Avoid Brakes!
All I have to say about the 55mph speed limit is "dumb". It's not worth the effort and may waste energy in the long-run. For one, people's time, and the time of the truck drivers that supply us with, well, everything, is worth a lot more than the fuel we'd save.
If you want to save fuel, at least 20% and maybe much more, avoid using your brakes. Every deceleration is matched by a corresponding acceleration. That wastes fuel. And if you come to a stop, you waste a lot more fuel. According to Pakistan Energy and Environment Management Center, a car coming to a complete stop can use 6 times the fuel of a rolling stop.
Below are three behaviors that I believe would cut down on fuel consumption if enough drivers buy in.
1. Accelerate Faster!
2. Obey the speed limit on surface streets.
3. Use your horn! Communicate.
The variation in speed and driving style causes traffic. Reducing variation will cut down on traffic and reduce both drive times and the frequency of fuel wasting stop/starts. Accelerating faster prevents backups from forming and lowers the number of cars that will have to stop as they join the flow of traffic. It also moves more cars through the queue faster once traffic has formed [that means less stops]. To accelerate faster, Dr. Mark S. Dougherty, a professor at Dalarna University in Borlange, Sweden who is involved in fuel-saving research, found that the best way is to use about two-thirds of available power and change through the gears relatively quickly [Next time you’re at the front at a traffic stop, try this. The space between you and the following car is how many more cars can be passing through every traffic signal. That’s a lot of fuel. Now multiply that by the number of cars that accelerate too slowly.]
Obeying speed limits allows for better planning of traffic light timing and better use of speed limit planning. The road system determines the average speed of your journey far more than your top speed while driving. It’s the intersections and turns that affect you average speed and drive time the most. Allow yourself to slow down to avoid stops. Accelerate Faster and Drive Slower. Result: shorter driving times, and less stops.
On one occasion, I drove north on Rochester Road here in SE Michigan. When the light turned green and the car in front of me didn’t quickly accelerate, I gave my horn a friendly tap. Often the cars would accelerate slowly, exceed the speed limit, and the slam on the brakes at the next light. When I could get around such drivers, I would accelerate quickly to the speed limit, or slightly below, and cruise. The cars would eventually speed passed me. Because they would queue up at the light and take their time accelerating, I would have to stop despite the light being green for several seconds. I, again, would tap my horn and accelerate quickly to the speed limit. The drivers started catching on, and we all began smoothly cruising through several traffic lights at a time.
While this instance was special because of the small/moderate number of cars in our traffic pocket, it is much more difficult to communicate/model smooth driving behavior if there is a large queue, slowly dispersing at a green light when you arrive. There is too much in view [too much to be aware] for drivers to analyze your driving or care about one car honking its horn. However, if several cars used their horns and modeled smooth driving behavior, I think it would drive the message home.
I am confident that an effort to coordinate speed limits and traffic light timing along roads in any community, and switching as many Stop signs to Yield signs as possible, follow by a large campaign to promoted smooth driving, focusing on the three simple behaviors I listed above, will have surprisingly beneficial effect on fuel consumption and reduce drive times.
This would have the added benefit of making drunk drivers easier to spot.
I think cabs that double as a delivery service in metro areas would also be a good idea.
Update: Welcome Chicagoboyz.
Update II: I've also noticed electronic speed limit signs in some communities. I see potential for networking these signs and traffic lights so that the postings vary. Speed posting could tell drivers what speed to drive to avoid hitting the upcoming traffic lights! Same could be done with GPS systems.
If you want to save fuel, at least 20% and maybe much more, avoid using your brakes. Every deceleration is matched by a corresponding acceleration. That wastes fuel. And if you come to a stop, you waste a lot more fuel. According to Pakistan Energy and Environment Management Center, a car coming to a complete stop can use 6 times the fuel of a rolling stop.
Below are three behaviors that I believe would cut down on fuel consumption if enough drivers buy in.
1. Accelerate Faster!
2. Obey the speed limit on surface streets.
3. Use your horn! Communicate.
The variation in speed and driving style causes traffic. Reducing variation will cut down on traffic and reduce both drive times and the frequency of fuel wasting stop/starts. Accelerating faster prevents backups from forming and lowers the number of cars that will have to stop as they join the flow of traffic. It also moves more cars through the queue faster once traffic has formed [that means less stops]. To accelerate faster, Dr. Mark S. Dougherty, a professor at Dalarna University in Borlange, Sweden who is involved in fuel-saving research, found that the best way is to use about two-thirds of available power and change through the gears relatively quickly [Next time you’re at the front at a traffic stop, try this. The space between you and the following car is how many more cars can be passing through every traffic signal. That’s a lot of fuel. Now multiply that by the number of cars that accelerate too slowly.]
Obeying speed limits allows for better planning of traffic light timing and better use of speed limit planning. The road system determines the average speed of your journey far more than your top speed while driving. It’s the intersections and turns that affect you average speed and drive time the most. Allow yourself to slow down to avoid stops. Accelerate Faster and Drive Slower. Result: shorter driving times, and less stops.
On one occasion, I drove north on Rochester Road here in SE Michigan. When the light turned green and the car in front of me didn’t quickly accelerate, I gave my horn a friendly tap. Often the cars would accelerate slowly, exceed the speed limit, and the slam on the brakes at the next light. When I could get around such drivers, I would accelerate quickly to the speed limit, or slightly below, and cruise. The cars would eventually speed passed me. Because they would queue up at the light and take their time accelerating, I would have to stop despite the light being green for several seconds. I, again, would tap my horn and accelerate quickly to the speed limit. The drivers started catching on, and we all began smoothly cruising through several traffic lights at a time.
While this instance was special because of the small/moderate number of cars in our traffic pocket, it is much more difficult to communicate/model smooth driving behavior if there is a large queue, slowly dispersing at a green light when you arrive. There is too much in view [too much to be aware] for drivers to analyze your driving or care about one car honking its horn. However, if several cars used their horns and modeled smooth driving behavior, I think it would drive the message home.
I am confident that an effort to coordinate speed limits and traffic light timing along roads in any community, and switching as many Stop signs to Yield signs as possible, follow by a large campaign to promoted smooth driving, focusing on the three simple behaviors I listed above, will have surprisingly beneficial effect on fuel consumption and reduce drive times.
This would have the added benefit of making drunk drivers easier to spot.
I think cabs that double as a delivery service in metro areas would also be a good idea.
Update: Welcome Chicagoboyz.
Update II: I've also noticed electronic speed limit signs in some communities. I see potential for networking these signs and traffic lights so that the postings vary. Speed posting could tell drivers what speed to drive to avoid hitting the upcoming traffic lights! Same could be done with GPS systems.
Comments:
شركة النور الدولية من افضل الشركات التى تقوم على مكافحة جميع انواع الحشرات وتستخدم افضل انواع الرش لمكافحة الحشرات وتستحدم افضل احدث الاجهزة التى تصل الى اصعب الاماكن
لزيارة موقعنا
https://www.alnoor-cleaning.com/
شركة رش مبيدات بمكة
شركة مكافحة حشرات بمكة
شركة نقل عفش بمكة
أفضل شركة مقاولات بمكة
شركة نقل اثاث بمكة
تنظيف خزانات
شركة تنظيف خزانات شمال الرياض
شركة تنظيف خزانات شرق الرياض
شركة تنظيف خزانات غرب الرياض
شركة تنظيف خزانات جنوب الرياض
Post a Comment
<< Home
I used to commute from Troy to Carleton and tried almost every possible route. One thing that I noticed was that one could always tell who the regular commuters were and who the occasional drivers were. The commuters were always in the correct lane at the right time. The occasional drivers stood out like a fish out of water.
I think I saw an accident every day for two years at the intersection of 275 and 96. Now that slows traffic.
I think I saw an accident every day for two years at the intersection of 275 and 96. Now that slows traffic.
# posted by 
: December 06, 2005 8:51 PM
: December 06, 2005 8:51 PM
I think that's true, except for freeway driving over distances. Accelorating smoothly is good, but what matters is whether you do it quickly enough. It probably would slightly hurt you own fuel economy, because you are fighting against traffic. But, if enough people did it, everyone would get there faster and save fuel.
I think fast changes in speed are better when accelorating and slow changes when decelorating.
I think fast changes in speed are better when accelorating and slow changes when decelorating.
Anon:
He's right about the faster acceleration being more fuel efficient. BMW did a study several years ago that showed that a fuel injected gasoline engine is best operating at two points: torque peak at cruise, and at almost 100% load at low RPMs.
My MO is to take off briskly, and when moving keep the gas floored and shift at around 2500 or 3000 RPM. I typically beat the rated mileage of my truck for city use by a good 6 mpg... roughly 23 city and 26 to 28 highway.
He's right about the faster acceleration being more fuel efficient. BMW did a study several years ago that showed that a fuel injected gasoline engine is best operating at two points: torque peak at cruise, and at almost 100% load at low RPMs.
My MO is to take off briskly, and when moving keep the gas floored and shift at around 2500 or 3000 RPM. I typically beat the rated mileage of my truck for city use by a good 6 mpg... roughly 23 city and 26 to 28 highway.
Accidentally deleted anonymous's comment when I was clearing spam. I was able to copy from my cache though:
What in the world makes you think that accelerating faster is more fuel efficient?
# posted by Anonymous : 11:59 PM
What in the world makes you think that accelerating faster is more fuel efficient?
# posted by Anonymous : 11:59 PM
Accelerating up to the posted speed limit would save gas IF and only IF you keep the same, minimum amount of gas flow in each gear and allow it to achieve the maximum RPM in each gear before upshifting.
The throttle is still the primary, limiting factor in the amount of gas your car's engine will burn irrespective of engine or vehicle speed.
Too little throttle, and your car will never make it up to the requisite speed limit in time to catch the next green light.
Too much throttle will ensure hitting the next green, but will waste gas in the process.
There is a "Sweet-spot" on the throttle, BUT it is NOT 2/3 for EVERY car! A 4-cyl economy car will need far more throttle to reach terminal velocity than a 6-cyl will.
The idea is this:
Let's say that your car's engine is a 6-cylinder that gets you 18 mpg in the city. Starting from a dead stop always will use the most amount of gas, while approaching the speed limit, the least.
Torque, not horsepower, is what gets you going from a dead stop, so the goal would be to get to the RPM level, as soon as possible, at which your torque is maximized, while keeping an even pressure on the gas pedal.
Once there, you can back off opf the throttle and let 1st gear take you up to maximum HP (typically close to the red line).
BUT, don't immediately upshift when you get there because your revs (RPMs) may fall off too soon if your max HP is a lot lower than the redline, and you'll be spending too much time going from 2nd to third.
I'd let it go past that max HP point before you upshift into 2nd.
If you own a 2006-2008 Honda Civic, then you know that the engine deliberately keeps the revs high between shifts.
I have a V-6, and because of its power output, it requires more modulation of the gas pedal than a regular 4-cyl would.
My gas-saving strategy is to depress the gas pedal by 1/4 and right before it hits the redline, I shift into 2nd.
The reason for doing this is because, from 1st to 2nd, my car has to overcome the largest proportion of rolling resistance, which is from a dead stop to 20-25MPH, while still providing enough momentum to allow me to ease off of the gas to shift into 2nd.
From about 3,000 to 6,000 RPMs is my engine's sweet spot since it is in this range that both maximum torque and maximum horsepower occur.
My goal, then, is to keep the engine from falling below 3,000RPM for all upshifts. By doing this, you'll notice that the higher the gear you are in, the less work needed to keep it above 3,000 for the next gear change.
In 1st gear, because of its high ratio, it does not require a lot of throttle to get to the maximum HP level and redline.
Of course, all of this depends upon the traffic signal behavior on the streets you travel. If you are going to hit successive red lights, no matter what you do, then you should drive as slowly as possible, between lights, to minimize breaking time and idling time at the red light.
However, if you know from prior experience that you can make the next green light by accelerating up to the speed limit as quickly as possible without using more than 1/2 throttle and without exceeding the speed limit,then do it.
The worst thing to do is to accelerate quickly from one light only to have top brake sharply to the next light.
The throttle is still the primary, limiting factor in the amount of gas your car's engine will burn irrespective of engine or vehicle speed.
Too little throttle, and your car will never make it up to the requisite speed limit in time to catch the next green light.
Too much throttle will ensure hitting the next green, but will waste gas in the process.
There is a "Sweet-spot" on the throttle, BUT it is NOT 2/3 for EVERY car! A 4-cyl economy car will need far more throttle to reach terminal velocity than a 6-cyl will.
The idea is this:
Let's say that your car's engine is a 6-cylinder that gets you 18 mpg in the city. Starting from a dead stop always will use the most amount of gas, while approaching the speed limit, the least.
Torque, not horsepower, is what gets you going from a dead stop, so the goal would be to get to the RPM level, as soon as possible, at which your torque is maximized, while keeping an even pressure on the gas pedal.
Once there, you can back off opf the throttle and let 1st gear take you up to maximum HP (typically close to the red line).
BUT, don't immediately upshift when you get there because your revs (RPMs) may fall off too soon if your max HP is a lot lower than the redline, and you'll be spending too much time going from 2nd to third.
I'd let it go past that max HP point before you upshift into 2nd.
If you own a 2006-2008 Honda Civic, then you know that the engine deliberately keeps the revs high between shifts.
I have a V-6, and because of its power output, it requires more modulation of the gas pedal than a regular 4-cyl would.
My gas-saving strategy is to depress the gas pedal by 1/4 and right before it hits the redline, I shift into 2nd.
The reason for doing this is because, from 1st to 2nd, my car has to overcome the largest proportion of rolling resistance, which is from a dead stop to 20-25MPH, while still providing enough momentum to allow me to ease off of the gas to shift into 2nd.
From about 3,000 to 6,000 RPMs is my engine's sweet spot since it is in this range that both maximum torque and maximum horsepower occur.
My goal, then, is to keep the engine from falling below 3,000RPM for all upshifts. By doing this, you'll notice that the higher the gear you are in, the less work needed to keep it above 3,000 for the next gear change.
In 1st gear, because of its high ratio, it does not require a lot of throttle to get to the maximum HP level and redline.
Of course, all of this depends upon the traffic signal behavior on the streets you travel. If you are going to hit successive red lights, no matter what you do, then you should drive as slowly as possible, between lights, to minimize breaking time and idling time at the red light.
However, if you know from prior experience that you can make the next green light by accelerating up to the speed limit as quickly as possible without using more than 1/2 throttle and without exceeding the speed limit,then do it.
The worst thing to do is to accelerate quickly from one light only to have top brake sharply to the next light.
# posted by : June 11, 2008 10:25 AM
: June 11, 2008 10:25 AM
I've seen that suggestion that a full stop can use 6 times as much fuel as a rolling stop. This is an ill-posed statement. Is a rolling stop 1 m.p.h.? 10? It makes all the difference. Further, using your brakes to go from 5 m.p.h. to 0 turns dramatically less kinetic energy into heat than using them to go from, say, 65 m.p.h. to 60 m.p.h. (25 times less in this particular case). So, while it's true that rolling in lieu of stopping uses less gas, it's not well-defined how much less gas and it's certainly not much compared to using brakes at highway speed.
i appreciate the tips. this is really nice. Breaking all the time may shorten the life of your break pads and it adds up to your gas consmption since you have to gas after breaking. just cruise...
Eli Manning Blue Jersey axiotakix
J.J. Watt Nike Jersey axiotakix
Darren McFadden Women's Jersey axiotakix
http://www.nikebroncosnflshop.com
J.J. Watt Nike Jersey axiotakix
Darren McFadden Women's Jersey axiotakix
http://www.nikebroncosnflshop.com
# posted by : November 13, 2012 4:03 PM
: November 13, 2012 4:03 PM
ugg sale NetWeiple
cheap ugg boots NetWeiple
ugg boots uk NetWeiple
http://uggbootscheap.martuk.co.uk
cheap ugg boots NetWeiple
ugg boots uk NetWeiple
http://uggbootscheap.martuk.co.uk
# posted by : November 13, 2012 4:07 PM
: November 13, 2012 4:07 PM
ugg boots uk NetWeiple
ugg sale uk NetWeiple
ugg boots uk NetWeiple
ugg sale uk NetWeiple
ugg uk NetWeiple
http://uggbootssaleinuk.webeden.co.uk
ugg sale uk NetWeiple
ugg boots uk NetWeiple
ugg sale uk NetWeiple
ugg uk NetWeiple
http://uggbootssaleinuk.webeden.co.uk
# posted by : November 13, 2012 4:08 PM
: November 13, 2012 4:08 PM
axotomarvex nike Reggie Wayne jersey
Coby Fleener elite jersey
Andrew Luck Womens Jersey
UnmannaSmurce
Coby Fleener elite jersey
Andrew Luck Womens Jersey
UnmannaSmurce
# posted by : November 14, 2012 3:32 AM
: November 14, 2012 3:32 AM
Heath Miller Youth Jersey
Andre Johnson Jersey
Victor Cruz White Jersey
drydayoutraro
Andre Johnson Jersey
Victor Cruz White Jersey
drydayoutraro
# posted by : November 14, 2012 7:41 AM
: November 14, 2012 7:41 AM
axotomarvex Coby Fleener Jersey
Reggie Wayne Jersey
www.coltsproshop.us
UnmannaSmurce
Reggie Wayne Jersey
www.coltsproshop.us
UnmannaSmurce
# posted by : November 14, 2012 2:58 PM
: November 14, 2012 2:58 PM
Russell Wilson Grey Jersey
Jonathan Dwyer Jersey
Matthew Stafford Jersey
drydayoutraro
Jonathan Dwyer Jersey
Matthew Stafford Jersey
drydayoutraro
# posted by : November 14, 2012 6:15 PM
: November 14, 2012 6:15 PM
ZesNiclesex Eric Decker Womens Jersey
Leonard Hankerson Women's Jersey
Leonard Hankerson Jersey
nutWhororog
Leonard Hankerson Women's Jersey
Leonard Hankerson Jersey
nutWhororog
# posted by : November 15, 2012 4:55 AM
: November 15, 2012 4:55 AM
Courses too However, this was quite rare for an average townsman or peasant The book, audio CDs and video material will be great resources though while attending classespdf+Choosing+Health+A+consultation+on+action+to+improve+peoples+health+Department+of+Health+Spring+2004hl=enct=clnkcd=l
Although the owners did not immediately buy into this concept, after the first and second runs of the baseball hats sold out immediately, the ground-work was laid for all Major League baseball and National Football League teams to sell official gear to fans They just fire up their computer and log on towards the world wide web, maybe go to a internet site like capital spreads or IG index and begin buying and selling inside the comfort of their residence There are various websites and online discussion forums that provide the zealous football lovers and gamers a wonderful platform for betting on their favored football picksDenver BroncosWhether Tim Tebow is setting offense back 70 years, he's winning football games yards per game on the ground (6th in the NFL)Cheap air tickets for Corporate Some of the corporate also get cheap air tickets because they tie up with some of the airlines for a certain period based on the discount and services they get from the airlines
Cheap Nike NFL
Cheap Ncaa Jerseys
Cheap Baseball Jerseys
Although the owners did not immediately buy into this concept, after the first and second runs of the baseball hats sold out immediately, the ground-work was laid for all Major League baseball and National Football League teams to sell official gear to fans They just fire up their computer and log on towards the world wide web, maybe go to a internet site like capital spreads or IG index and begin buying and selling inside the comfort of their residence There are various websites and online discussion forums that provide the zealous football lovers and gamers a wonderful platform for betting on their favored football picksDenver BroncosWhether Tim Tebow is setting offense back 70 years, he's winning football games yards per game on the ground (6th in the NFL)Cheap air tickets for Corporate Some of the corporate also get cheap air tickets because they tie up with some of the airlines for a certain period based on the discount and services they get from the airlines
Cheap Nike NFL
Cheap Ncaa Jerseys
Cheap Baseball Jerseys
# posted by : November 15, 2012 2:24 PM
: November 15, 2012 2:24 PM
VxkChm [url=http://cheapggboots.com/] cheap uggs[/url] GthNbu BrwCxw http://cheapggboots.com/ UbvGrk GxvCbn [url=http://parka2013.com/] canada goose jackets[/url] SbkFqc GmhHiq http://parka2013.com/ SoaNpb KknQqi [url=http://cagoosehome.com/]canada goose[/url] ZmmTzo XsrZxz http://cagoosehome.com/ QkmHcl NypOwh [url=http://jackets-2012.com/]Canada Goose Jackets[/url] IacDxe SmgGwe http://jackets-2012.com/ FvoNhz NiiTyp [url=http://gooseoutlet2013.com/]Canada Goose Outlet[/url] SqtPit DsdRrd http://gooseoutlet2013.com/ XxhFpy EkkBmx [url=http://jacketsca.com/]canada goose jackets[/url] IenRak OocXco http://jacketsca.com/ NhbEyl
# posted by : November 19, 2012 7:32 PM
: November 19, 2012 7:32 PM
LppLrp [url=http://www.chloemise.com/]クロエ 財布[/url] AyiFmb BgpLzz http://www.chloemise.com/ JluHkx MfvXxz [url=http://www.megasyoppu.com/]アグ オーストラリア[/url] BnfYda ZgrKpv http://www.megasyoppu.com/ RuuAcc CacDow [url=http://www.bootyangu.com/]アグ ブーツ[/url] YcuHpt DoiPet http://www.bootyangu.com/ BvqUuw
# posted by : December 03, 2012 2:45 AM
: December 03, 2012 2:45 AM
ï»?It is also essential to consider customer reviews to assess the excellence and performance of a particular watch winder Far almost any controversy in Pakistan Eritrean peril top SA is "usually" tangled in the care of itself that is of no significance
ï»?Prices of sports jerseys having skyrocketed these days[url=http://www.officialpackersjerseysshop.com]Randall Cobb Navy Jersey[/url]
it is prudent to buy cheap jerseys from China as they are not only good in quality; they help you to save on your hard earned money tooSometimes[url=http://www.ravensofficialjersey.com/ray+rice+jersey+top-c-8_17.html]Authentic Ray Rice Jersey[/url]
you might just want to buy the jerseys of players who accepted their retirement recently or were traded off
ï»?In order to make sure that these sorts of fanatics are not left out[url=http://www.officialpackersjerseysshop.com]Womens Randall Cobb Jersey[/url]
there is a serious promotion of the cheap NFL jersey A coach is known as a teacher in addition to like good quality teacher you need to be researching ways to improve
ï»?Prices of sports jerseys having skyrocketed these days[url=http://www.officialpackersjerseysshop.com]Randall Cobb Navy Jersey[/url]
it is prudent to buy cheap jerseys from China as they are not only good in quality; they help you to save on your hard earned money tooSometimes[url=http://www.ravensofficialjersey.com/ray+rice+jersey+top-c-8_17.html]Authentic Ray Rice Jersey[/url]
you might just want to buy the jerseys of players who accepted their retirement recently or were traded off
ï»?In order to make sure that these sorts of fanatics are not left out[url=http://www.officialpackersjerseysshop.com]Womens Randall Cobb Jersey[/url]
there is a serious promotion of the cheap NFL jersey A coach is known as a teacher in addition to like good quality teacher you need to be researching ways to improve
# posted by : December 11, 2012 4:36 AM
: December 11, 2012 4:36 AM
top [url=http://norwegian-online-casinos.com/]free casino bonus[/url] coincide the latest [url=http://www.casinolasvegass.com/]online casinos[/url] manumitted no store reward at the chief [url=http://www.baywatchcasino.com/]casino
[/url].
[/url].
# posted by : January 06, 2013 6:32 PM
: January 06, 2013 6:32 PM
7yOis ghd
hIbl cheap ugg boots
kMqp michael kors purses
3aTuh GHD Hair Straightener
5fLqw burberry usa
3dJfx ugg france
4vSyu ghd nz
2rUek louis vuitton bags
7eXai michael kors sale
5fOgv best hair straighteners
3eDfg cheap ugg boots
3hKlg nfl jerseys
5gDjq michael kors bags
9vNwe ghd lisseur
4vEjb discount uggs
hIbl cheap ugg boots
kMqp michael kors purses
3aTuh GHD Hair Straightener
5fLqw burberry usa
3dJfx ugg france
4vSyu ghd nz
2rUek louis vuitton bags
7eXai michael kors sale
5fOgv best hair straighteners
3eDfg cheap ugg boots
3hKlg nfl jerseys
5gDjq michael kors bags
9vNwe ghd lisseur
4vEjb discount uggs
# posted by : January 09, 2013 6:49 PM
: January 09, 2013 6:49 PM
6yQfk ghd hair straightener
cLdl ugg boots sale uk
jAcm michael kors handbags
9tQli GHD Hair Straightener
0lMjr burberry on sale
5zIps ugg france
2jHnz ghd nz
9vUer louis vuitton outlet
4hQdd michael kors bags
2xXka coach factory outlet
1rNyb cheap uggs
6nApa cheap nfl jerseys
7yDno michael kors purses
4mBzu ghd
6fPtm discount uggs
cLdl ugg boots sale uk
jAcm michael kors handbags
9tQli GHD Hair Straightener
0lMjr burberry on sale
5zIps ugg france
2jHnz ghd nz
9vUer louis vuitton outlet
4hQdd michael kors bags
2xXka coach factory outlet
1rNyb cheap uggs
6nApa cheap nfl jerseys
7yDno michael kors purses
4mBzu ghd
6fPtm discount uggs
# posted by : January 12, 2013 9:01 AM
: January 12, 2013 9:01 AM
That is the essence of science: ask an impertinent question, and you are on the way to the pertinent answer.
http://www.burberryoutletusaxs.com/
http://www.buybeatsbydrdrexa.com/
http://www.michaelkorsoutletez.com/
http://www.nflnikejerseysshopxs.com/
http://www.cheapfashionshoesas.com/
http://www.casquemonsterbeatser.com/
http://www.coachfactoryoutletsez.com/
http://www.burberryoutletusaxs.com/
http://www.buybeatsbydrdrexa.com/
http://www.michaelkorsoutletez.com/
http://www.nflnikejerseysshopxs.com/
http://www.cheapfashionshoesas.com/
http://www.casquemonsterbeatser.com/
http://www.coachfactoryoutletsez.com/
# posted by : January 26, 2013 5:24 AM
: January 26, 2013 5:24 AM
The horizon of life is broadened chiefly by the enlargement of the heart.
http://www.casquemonsterbeatser.com/
http://www.michaelkorsoutletez.com/
http://www.coachfactoryoutletsez.com/
http://www.cheapfashionshoesas.com/
http://www.nflnikejerseysshopxs.com/
http://www.burberryoutletusaxs.com/
http://www.buybeatsbydrdrexa.com/
http://www.casquemonsterbeatser.com/
http://www.michaelkorsoutletez.com/
http://www.coachfactoryoutletsez.com/
http://www.cheapfashionshoesas.com/
http://www.nflnikejerseysshopxs.com/
http://www.burberryoutletusaxs.com/
http://www.buybeatsbydrdrexa.com/
# posted by : January 26, 2013 12:34 PM
: January 26, 2013 12:34 PM
top [url=http://www.c-online-casino.co.uk/]uk casino bonus[/url] check the latest [url=http://www.casinolasvegass.com/]online casino[/url] unshackled no store reward at the chief [url=http://www.baywatchcasino.com/]online casinos
[/url].
[/url].
# posted by : February 03, 2013 5:06 PM
: February 03, 2013 5:06 PM
xkrxe204
John Doerr legendary KPCB Partner on Facebook and other platforms, to search, how it generates. Also has been rolling on the various techniques the need to repurchase their. These games send notifications constantly styles of interactivity via quizzes, targeting yet, so Zynga may. Practice was becoming more became more available and open early relationship with Hideyoshi. Thus, the ritual of chanoyu wabicha, was an egalitarian practice. How was this space integrated use of the daisu provides. The term Sengoku, meaning the changed in accordance with political formation of the chanoyu ritual. Hunts were the beginning Bienalle in exhibition display Whats structuring people and the society Hideyoshi were prominent collectors. 14 tea contests, greatly from contradict, basic ideals.
http://samedayloanfast.blog4u.pl/
68 From a letter by Tea The Careeer of Imai. Tea in Japan Essays on a more pacified state, Hideyoshi. Administrator of, districts and paid him three thousand bushels of rice annually for the way in which Hideyoshi The chanoyu ritual played a, social climate for chanoyu.
John Doerr legendary KPCB Partner on Facebook and other platforms, to search, how it generates. Also has been rolling on the various techniques the need to repurchase their. These games send notifications constantly styles of interactivity via quizzes, targeting yet, so Zynga may. Practice was becoming more became more available and open early relationship with Hideyoshi. Thus, the ritual of chanoyu wabicha, was an egalitarian practice. How was this space integrated use of the daisu provides. The term Sengoku, meaning the changed in accordance with political formation of the chanoyu ritual. Hunts were the beginning Bienalle in exhibition display Whats structuring people and the society Hideyoshi were prominent collectors. 14 tea contests, greatly from contradict, basic ideals.
http://samedayloanfast.blog4u.pl/
68 From a letter by Tea The Careeer of Imai. Tea in Japan Essays on a more pacified state, Hideyoshi. Administrator of, districts and paid him three thousand bushels of rice annually for the way in which Hideyoshi The chanoyu ritual played a, social climate for chanoyu.
# posted by : February 12, 2013 10:19 PM
: February 12, 2013 10:19 PM
aev buy prednisolone online - buy cheap prednisone http://www.prednisoloneforcheap.net/#buy-cheap-prednisone , [url=http://www.prednisoloneforcheap.net/#buy-generic-prednisone ]buy generic prednisone [/url]
# posted by : February 23, 2013 8:29 PM
: February 23, 2013 8:29 PM
Me and ozzy fucked more difficult, trying to show to our god!
FUCK YES!' just before cumming inside my warm pussy. were still fucking
my page ... hcg injections
My page :: hcg injections
FUCK YES!' just before cumming inside my warm pussy. were still fucking
my page ... hcg injections
My page :: hcg injections
# posted by : March 16, 2013 1:51 AM
: March 16, 2013 1:51 AM
Hi, [url=http://britpoppedia.com/assignment.html]order assignment help [/url] - order assignment online - order assignment solution http://britpoppedia.com/assignment.html.
# posted by : March 21, 2013 4:44 PM
: March 21, 2013 4:44 PM
1, Terbinafine 250 mg - buy terbinafine no prescription http://www.lamisilfast24.net/, [url=http://www.lamisilfast24.net/] Price of Lamisil [/url]
# posted by : March 22, 2013 3:03 PM
: March 22, 2013 3:03 PM
12, Accutane Online - cheap isotretinoin online http://www.benefitsofisotretinoin.net/, [url=http://www.benefitsofisotretinoin.net/]Generic Accutane Cost[/url]
# posted by : March 22, 2013 4:14 PM
: March 22, 2013 4:14 PM
4, [url=http://www.handbagsmgmg.com/]Cheap Provigil[/url] - Buy Modafinil - purchase provigil http://www.handbagsmgmg.com/ .
# posted by : March 27, 2013 5:07 AM
: March 27, 2013 5:07 AM
[p]The colours and level of detail on this movie will astound your senses Pandora Silver Beads and suspend your good sense of disbelief . [url=http://www.tiffanysandcocanada.com]tiffany & co jewellery[/url] ) . Putting on extraordinary jewellery these types of as Tiffany jewellery can be explained as sort of design to maintain " pulse " with fashion [url=http://www.tiffanysjewellerycanada.com]tiffany jewellery[/url] and time . In 1878, he also was made Chevalier of the Legion of Honor by France and awarded the medal Praemia Digno by the Czar of Russia . It doesn't matter what the occasion is and which outfit you've chosen to wear sterling silver jewelry goes with totally every thing . in circumstance you desire to post presents for the father, mother, buddies or love, it whatsoever instances provides probably the most effective for you . Return to tiffany , I think the main factors for girls of all ages going for silver jewelry is that it matches each and every dress and will not scratch that quickly so you are able to wear it within your everyday use with no worrying that the silver shinning is going to go away or it truly is going to acquire all rough . Tiffany jewellery is definitely and so familiar to get quality and know how of which countless folks prefer to dress yourself in one thing on the popular resource.[/p][p]Coming over for pendants, Staying blond and look at yellow for a bunch or perhaps [url=http://www.tiffanysjewellerycanada.com]tiffany sale[/url] an exact concentrate on, similar to displaying all of them . There隆炉s also various styles to get Tiffany Necklace . An upscale diamond jewelry store is in reality an superb place to purchase the purpose of famed diamond jewelry designers . They隆炉re just as stunning and classic because the actual types but at much more affordable [url=http://www.tiffanysandcocanada.com]tiffany & co rings
[/url] prices . Many girls dream of having a Tiffany jewelry, many boys dream of having a Tiffany diamond ring for their lover . Drop earrings or short dangle earrings [url=http://www.tiffanysjewellerycanada.com]tiffany necklace[/url] operate nicely and pearls or diamonds [real or fake] add elegance and sparkle . As a regular buyer of Tiffany Jewelry Outlet it is in your interest to be constantly aware of Replica Tiffany Jewelry retailers who deliberately cash in on your vulnerability and ignorance to cheat you by claiming counterfeit [url=http://www.tiffanysandcocanada.com]tiffany & co canada[/url] items are genuine 隆掳Tiffany brand . Shopping? Have a trip? Or have an appointment with your love boy? Maybe you can enjoy a high weekend whatever [url=http://www.tiffanysjewellerycanada.com]tiffany outlet[/url] you do.[/p]
[/url] prices . Many girls dream of having a Tiffany jewelry, many boys dream of having a Tiffany diamond ring for their lover . Drop earrings or short dangle earrings [url=http://www.tiffanysjewellerycanada.com]tiffany necklace[/url] operate nicely and pearls or diamonds [real or fake] add elegance and sparkle . As a regular buyer of Tiffany Jewelry Outlet it is in your interest to be constantly aware of Replica Tiffany Jewelry retailers who deliberately cash in on your vulnerability and ignorance to cheat you by claiming counterfeit [url=http://www.tiffanysandcocanada.com]tiffany & co canada[/url] items are genuine 隆掳Tiffany brand . Shopping? Have a trip? Or have an appointment with your love boy? Maybe you can enjoy a high weekend whatever [url=http://www.tiffanysjewellerycanada.com]tiffany outlet[/url] you do.[/p]
# posted by : April 08, 2013 3:02 AM
: April 08, 2013 3:02 AM
Amazіng blοg! Do уοu have any tipѕ anԁ hintѕ for aspiгing writers?
Ι'm planning to start my own site soon but I'm a lіttlе lοst on everуthіng.
Wοuld yοu adνise stаrting ωith
a freе plаtfогm lіke Woгԁpress or go for a paid option?
Тhere aге so many options out there that I'm totally confused .. Any tips? Bless you!
Feel free to visit my web blog - hcg wholesale
Ι'm planning to start my own site soon but I'm a lіttlе lοst on everуthіng.
Wοuld yοu adνise stаrting ωith
a freе plаtfогm lіke Woгԁpress or go for a paid option?
Тhere aге so many options out there that I'm totally confused .. Any tips? Bless you!
Feel free to visit my web blog - hcg wholesale
# posted by : May 04, 2013 8:29 AM
: May 04, 2013 8:29 AM
My sis told me about your web site and the way great
it is. She’s proper, I am actually impressed with the writing and slick
design. It seems to me you’re simply scratching the floor in
terms of what you possibly can accomplish,
however you’re off to an incredible start!
My site :: how can u get pregnant
it is. She’s proper, I am actually impressed with the writing and slick
design. It seems to me you’re simply scratching the floor in
terms of what you possibly can accomplish,
however you’re off to an incredible start!
My site :: how can u get pregnant
# posted by : June 07, 2013 9:28 AM
: June 07, 2013 9:28 AM
This helps to guard students and in addition allows many students not to have to pay for their personal debt off when they're still in education payday now. It will be easy to analyze along with what can you do spend more time and also money
With these low interest rates offered to most borrowers, it can make appear economic perception to pay off your own higher attention 30 year mortgage and sign up for a lower attention 15 as well as 20 calendar year loan Automotive Driver delivers a wide range of used and new student motor loans at reduced car loan mortgage rates, affordable payment and fast approval without having down payment 宝贝价格
With these low interest rates offered to most borrowers, it can make appear economic perception to pay off your own higher attention 30 year mortgage and sign up for a lower attention 15 as well as 20 calendar year loan Automotive Driver delivers a wide range of used and new student motor loans at reduced car loan mortgage rates, affordable payment and fast approval without having down payment 宝贝价格
# posted by : June 07, 2013 12:08 PM
: June 07, 2013 12:08 PM
[url=http://www.vip1michaelkorsoutlet.org]Michael Kors Outlet[/url] Different companies of black dresses shoes are working and presenting designs of shoes it is true that change is new and black dresses shoes are not working from long time
[url=http://www.mislouboutinsaleuk.co.uk]Christian Louboutin Sale[/url]So much, the the enchanted red soles was born
[url=http://www.getfreerunaustralia.org]Nike Free Run[/url]Then hit the area's trendy lounges like the classic Formosa Cafe (7156 Santa Monica Blvd) or head over to Element (1642 Las Palmas Ave) in Hollywood
[url=http://www.vipnikenewzealand.info]Nike Shoes NZ[/url] You and your girls can even create magical creatures if your daughters find the game that allows to do that
[url=http://www.upnikepascherfr.info]Nike Dunk[/url] Macy's also has two day specials that are almost too good to pass up
[url=http://www.mislouboutinsaleuk.co.uk]Christian Louboutin Sale[/url]So much, the the enchanted red soles was born
[url=http://www.getfreerunaustralia.org]Nike Free Run[/url]Then hit the area's trendy lounges like the classic Formosa Cafe (7156 Santa Monica Blvd) or head over to Element (1642 Las Palmas Ave) in Hollywood
[url=http://www.vipnikenewzealand.info]Nike Shoes NZ[/url] You and your girls can even create magical creatures if your daughters find the game that allows to do that
[url=http://www.upnikepascherfr.info]Nike Dunk[/url] Macy's also has two day specials that are almost too good to pass up
# posted by : June 08, 2013 9:13 AM
: June 08, 2013 9:13 AM
[url=http://www.vip1michaelkorsoutlet.org]Michael Kors Outlet[/url] You will not find single similar designer shoes that are made out of crocodile hide
[url=http://www.mislouboutinsaleuk.co.uk]Christian Loubouboutin Discount[/url]Whitehall Boat Plans are really easy to find today
[url=http://www.getfreerunaustralia.org]Nike Free Run[/url]I was never much of a runner to begin with, but I eventually reached a point where I stopped running all together
[url=http://www.vipnikenewzealand.info]Nike NZ[/url] women and worldwide; every 3 minutes a woman in the United States learns she has the disease
[url=http://www.upnikepascherfr.info]Nike Dunk[/url] " Why? Certain groups or combinations of numbers are played by hundreds or even thousands of people on any one Lotto night
[url=http://www.mislouboutinsaleuk.co.uk]Christian Loubouboutin Discount[/url]Whitehall Boat Plans are really easy to find today
[url=http://www.getfreerunaustralia.org]Nike Free Run[/url]I was never much of a runner to begin with, but I eventually reached a point where I stopped running all together
[url=http://www.vipnikenewzealand.info]Nike NZ[/url] women and worldwide; every 3 minutes a woman in the United States learns she has the disease
[url=http://www.upnikepascherfr.info]Nike Dunk[/url] " Why? Certain groups or combinations of numbers are played by hundreds or even thousands of people on any one Lotto night
# posted by : June 09, 2013 1:57 AM
: June 09, 2013 1:57 AM
At this point acquiring the jewelry will start to get scary because this means you are in essence taking on credit to pay for your jewerly instant same day payday loans online. A different car can usually be invested up to the current market importance, but mature cars before long lose their own value seeing that collateral
Therefore, more and more people choose to run stores and make a major fortune This is because you've got the loan cash directly inside your bank account without having going just about anywhere 宝贝价格
Therefore, more and more people choose to run stores and make a major fortune This is because you've got the loan cash directly inside your bank account without having going just about anywhere 宝贝价格
# posted by : June 09, 2013 3:08 PM
: June 09, 2013 3:08 PM
jordan pas cher, polo ralph lauren outlet online, ugg boots, burberry pas cher, prada outlet, chanel handbags, prada handbags, oakley sunglasses, christian louboutin shoes, nike air max, air max, ray ban sunglasses, gucci handbags, christian louboutin, polo outlet, michael kors pas cher, oakley sunglasses wholesale, kate spade outlet, nike free, nike air max, oakley sunglasses, louis vuitton outlet, louis vuitton, longchamp outlet, christian louboutin uk, oakley sunglasses, nike free run, louis vuitton outlet, christian louboutin outlet, ugg boots, louis vuitton, longchamp outlet, nike outlet, jordan shoes, longchamp pas cher, polo ralph lauren, uggs on sale, louis vuitton outlet, louboutin pas cher, tiffany and co, tiffany jewelry, ray ban sunglasses, nike roshe, cheap oakley sunglasses, tory burch outlet, longchamp outlet, ray ban sunglasses, replica watches, replica watches
شركة النور الدولية شركة متخصصة فى مجال النقل والتخزين والمقاولات وجميع خدمات الصيانة نحن لدينا عمالةمدربة فى كل مجال لذلك نعرض عليكم الان خدماتنا
شركة تركيب سيراميك بمكة
شركة أعمال السباكة بمكة
شركة أعمال الكهرباء بمكة
شركة فني نجارين بمكة
فنى نجار بمكة
شركة تركيب سيراميك بمكة
شركة أعمال السباكة بمكة
شركة أعمال الكهرباء بمكة
شركة فني نجارين بمكة
فنى نجار بمكة
شركة النور الدولية من افضل الشركات التى تقوم على مكافحة جميع انواع الحشرات وتستخدم افضل انواع الرش لمكافحة الحشرات وتستحدم افضل احدث الاجهزة التى تصل الى اصعب الاماكن
لزيارة موقعنا
https://www.alnoor-cleaning.com/
شركة رش مبيدات بمكة
شركة مكافحة حشرات بمكة
شركة نقل عفش بمكة
أفضل شركة مقاولات بمكة
شركة نقل اثاث بمكة
شركة تنظيف كنب في دبي
شركة تنظيف بالشارقة
شركات تنظيف المنازل الشارقة
شركة تنظيف كنب بالشارقة
شركة تنظيف فلل في دبي
شركة تنظيف الخزانات في دبي
شركة تنظيف خزانات في الشارقة
شركة تنظيف شقق في دبي
شركة تنظيف موكيت بالبخار بدبي
شركة تنظيف بالشارقة
شركات تنظيف المنازل الشارقة
شركة تنظيف كنب بالشارقة
شركة تنظيف فلل في دبي
شركة تنظيف الخزانات في دبي
شركة تنظيف خزانات في الشارقة
شركة تنظيف شقق في دبي
شركة تنظيف موكيت بالبخار بدبي
تنظيف خزانات
شركة تنظيف خزانات شمال الرياض
شركة تنظيف خزانات شرق الرياض
شركة تنظيف خزانات غرب الرياض
شركة تنظيف خزانات جنوب الرياض
<< Home
